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從規劃設計的角度分析廚房的構成，不僅是對室內安裝的各種廚房設備的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)理(li)解，也是(shi)引導廚(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)運(yun)行的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)流程。不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)廚(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)規(gui)模，按分工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)分工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)量(liang)也不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)，不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)餐(can)飲業廚(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)，不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)、不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)，所需(xu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)備(bei)(bei)也不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)。更(geng)(geng)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)廚(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)生產更(geng)(geng)多的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)飯菜(cai)，需(xu)要更(geng)(geng)多的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)備(bei)(bei)和人員(yuan)，有(you)更(geng)(geng)詳細(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，有(you)更(geng)(geng)多的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)車間。廚(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)構成(cheng)更(geng)(geng)為復雜(za)。無論(lun)廚(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)模有(you)多大(da)(da)，一(yi)道菜(cai)要按照工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)來(lai)做，需(xu)要完成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)部件，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)動作(zuo)必(bi)不(bu)(bu)可少(shao)。從技術角度看(kan)，無論(lun)廚(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)大(da)(da)小，“從生到熟”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)是(shi)貫(guan)穿廚(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)規(gui)劃設(she)計的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)條主線，它決定了廚(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)和管理(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)效率。因此，廚(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)規(gui)劃設(she)計的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)指導原則是(shi)使過(guo)程順暢，管理(li)過(guo)程有(you)效。要理(li)解廚(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)構成(cheng)，不(bu)(bu)僅要看(kan)到廚(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)看(kan)得見(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)硬件構成(cheng)，更(geng)(geng)要看(kan)到廚(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)看(kan)不(bu)(bu)見(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)部分。我(wo)們可以從專(zhuan)業人員(yuan)、設(she)備(bei)(bei)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)、輔助(zhu)設(she)施、功(gong)能空間和工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)流程五個方面來(lai)理(li)解廚(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)構成(cheng)。雖然廚(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)有(you)很多不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)之處，但一(yi)個功(gong)能齊(qi)全的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)廚(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)這五項必(bi)須具(ju)備(bei)(bei)。各主要項目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分項可根據實際需(xu)要設(she)置。

廚房設備的組成——從規劃設計的角度分析

專(zhuan)業員工(gong)(gong)：具有專(zhuan)業技能的(de)廚(chu)師及(ji)廚(chu)房員工(gong)(gong)，是決定廚(chu)房運行的(de)主體。

設備工具(ju)：保(bao)證菜點制作加(jia)工的各種(zhong)廚房設備、炊(chui)事機械、炊(chui)具(ju)、工具(ju)、餐具(ju)。輔助

設施：能源供應(ying)、供電(dian)、上(shang)下水、排(pai)煙(yan)通風、采暖(nuan)空調、消防、安(an)全(quan)、通信等設施。

功能(neng)空(kong)(kong)間(jian)(jian)(jian)：廚(chu)房(fang)需要完(wan)成(cheng)各種(zhong)加(jia)工生產場地，大廚(chu)房(fang)可(ke)(ke)以按(an)(an)(an)車間(jian)(jian)(jian)劃(hua)分，小廚(chu)房(fang)只能(neng)按(an)(an)(an)位置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)劃(hua)分。這部(bu)(bu)分的(de)(de)(de)(de)設計(ji)重(zhong)點是(shi)(shi)廚(chu)房(fang)中各種(zhong)儲藏和加(jia)工功能(neng)區的(de)(de)(de)(de)設置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。大型廚(chu)房(fang)里有(you)(you)許多可(ke)(ke)供各種(zhong)功能(neng)使用的(de)(de)(de)(de)工作間(jian)(jian)(jian)，甚至還(huan)有(you)(you)專門(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)外國餐飲廚(chu)房(fang)。無論(lun)廚(chu)房(fang)規模是(shi)(shi)按(an)(an)(an)工作間(jian)(jian)(jian)劃(hua)分還(huan)是(shi)(shi)按(an)(an)(an)功能(neng)部(bu)(bu)位劃(hua)分，粗加(jia)工、主(zhu)食(shi)、副食(shi)、洗碗(wan)消毒都是(shi)(shi)最(zui)基本的(de)(de)(de)(de)設置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。由于空(kong)(kong)間(jian)(jian)(jian)有(you)(you)限，一些必要的(de)(de)(de)(de)零部(bu)(bu)件不(bu)(bu)能(neng)單獨設置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，箱(xiang)體應與車間(jian)(jian)(jian)或設備相結合。例如，一個小廚(chu)房(fang)不(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)能(neng)設置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)儲藏室和餐具室。米粉(fen)、果(guo)蔬、油炸蔬菜擺放在貨架(jia)或工作臺上，即借空(kong)(kong)間(jian)(jian)(jian)存放在相應的(de)(de)(de)(de)功能(neng)區。

工(gong)(gong)作流(liu)程(cheng)：廚(chu)房需要(yao)完成(cheng)各種加工(gong)(gong)生(sheng)產場(chang)地。大廚(chu)房可(ke)以按車間(jian)劃分(fen)，小廚(chu)房只能(neng)按位置(zhi)劃分(fen)。這一部分(fen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)設計(ji)重點在于廚(chu)房中(zhong)各種儲藏和加工(gong)(gong)功(gong)能(neng)區的(de)(de)(de)(de)設置(zhi)。大廚(chu)房里有許多可(ke)供各種功(gong)能(neng)使用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)作間(jian)，甚至還有專(zhuan)門的(de)(de)(de)(de)外國(guo)餐(can)飲(yin)廚(chu)房。根據基本副食的(de)(de)(de)(de)大小，廚(chu)房最基本的(de)(de)(de)(de)功(gong)能(neng)就是(shi)對菜進行(xing)消毒。由(you)于空間(jian)有限(xian)，一些必要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)零部件不能(neng)單獨設置(zhi)，箱體(ti)應與車間(jian)或(huo)設備相(xiang)(xiang)結合。例如，在一個(ge)小廚(chu)房里設置(zhi)儲藏室和餐(can)具室是(shi)不可(ke)能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)。米粉、果蔬、炒菜擺放(fang)在貨架或(huo)工(gong)(gong)作臺上，即借(jie)空間(jian)存放(fang)在相(xiang)(xiang)應的(de)(de)(de)(de)功(gong)能(neng)區。